Robert Cade, Dana Shires, Harry James Free, and Alejandro de Quesada were the medical researchers at the University of Florida who created the original Gatorade thirst quencher in 1965. The Gators football coach, Ray Graves, was frustrated with the performance of his players during the hot summer football practices, and asked the team doctor, one of Cade’s associates, for his insight. Cade and his research team came across the unique mix of water, sodium, sugar, potassium, phosphate, and lemon juice that is now known as Gatorade in honor of the football team, the Gators. The football team credited Gatorade with their first Orange Bowl win over the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets in 1967, and the drink became an instant phenomenon. The Yellow Jackets coach Bud Carson, when asked why they lost, replied: "We didn’t have Gatorade. That made the difference." Shortly after, Cade partnered with Stokely-Van Camp, Inc. (S-VC) to produce and distribute the product. A year after its commercial introduction Gatorade was reformulated, as its initial recipe contained the sweetener cyclamate, which was banned by the FDA. The Quaker Oats Company bought S-VC in 1983, after a bidding war with rival Pillsbury. Quaker licensed manufacturing of Gatorade in some worldwide markets to PepsiCo, but sued Pepsi in Australia in 1998, alleging Pepsi had misappropriated Gatorade trade secrets to manufacture its own sports drink, All Sport. Quaker won the Australian case.[3] In the meantime, the University of Florida has received royalties for Gatorade each year, since their settlement with Cade in 1973. |
The original Gatorade contained water, sucrose (table sugar) and glucose-fructose syrups, citric acid, fish oil, sodium chloride (table salt), sodium citrate, monopotassium phosphate,and flavoring/coloring ingredients. Some Gatorade flavorings use brominated vegetable oil as a stabilizer.[14] Gatorade Thirst Quencher meets the Food and Drug Administration’s definition of a "low sodium product." Gatorade is available in a variety of flavors, including the original Lemon-Lime, Grape, Orange, and Fruit punch.[15] Several new formulations of Gatorade, each minor tweaks of the original Gatorade formula, have been produced in the past decade, including Rain, AM, Fierce and X-Factor. Gatorade revealed the Gatorade line Energy Bar in 1999. This energy bar was Gatorade's first foray into solid foods, and was introduced to compete with PowerBar and Clif Bar. Gatorade Energy Bars contain a large proportion of protein in addition to its carbohydrates. The bar is mainly made up of puffed grains and corn syrup, common components of energy bars. In 2000, Gatorade introduced Propel Fit Water, a vitamin enhanced water that is artificially sweetened with sucralose and acesulfame potassium. Propel has the same electrolytes as Gatorade, along with some vitamins, which makes it similar to Vitamin Water, though Vitamin Water has substantial amounts of sugar. Propel Fitness Water with Calcium was introduced in 2006.[16] Also, in 2006, Gatorade introduced its Rain flavor line, which features a lighter, crisp taste similar to its Propel line but which comes in the bottle size and shape as the original Gatorade. In late 2007, a lower-calorie line of Gatorade drinks, named G2, was released.[17] In 2001, Gatorade introduced the Gatorade Performance Series, a special line of sports nutrition products. These products include Gatorade Carbohydrate Energy Drink, Gatorade Protein Recovery Shake, the Gatorade Nutrition Shake and the Gatorade Nutrition Bar.[18] The Endurance Formula, introduced in 2004, contains twice the sodium and three times the potassium than the typical Gatorade formula, as well as chloride, magnesium and calcium, to better replace what athletes lose while training and competing |
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